![]() They are reported in COPE which publishes the variety of cases that reach them. Disputes over authorship, misappropriation of the work of others by excluding participants or the use of names without prior consent are frequent. ![]() In general, the malpractices that can be generated in the field of scientific journals that affect the three agents involved are of a very different nature. They preserve confidentiality and anonymity.They provide editors and authors with objective information about the manuscript at both the content and formal levels.They ensure that the manuscript makes a contribution to science.Scientific reviews are generally voluntary (unpaid), peer-reviewed, and anonymous, although increasingly international initiatives are emerging that publish the reviewers’ names in the article in recognition of their silent work. The expert evaluators of the subject matter being evaluated are of vital importance in scientific journals because they ensure the selection of the best manuscripts. They adjust the text to the established norms of publication, they collaborate in an agile way in the corrections and they respond to the acceptance or rejection and to the suggestions of the reviewers.They provide data to ensure transparency with research funding sources.They avoid the simultaneous submission to several journals for review.They confirm the absence of data manipulation, the consistency and reliability of the research, and the originality of the manuscript.Therefore, it is recommended to agree on the order of signature before writing the article. Preserve rights by explaining the conditions of copyright and self-archiving licenses.Īuthors are considered to be researchers who have participated in the intervention in all phases (structure, writing and review), coordination with the other authors, contribution to fundraising, data collection and analysis.They record all interactions for any external audit and for the internal control of processes.They coordinate and promote the operation of the editorial committee (review of manuscripts, assignment of evaluators and advice on the definition of editorial policy). ![]() They avoid the manipulation of citations: coercion (the editors ask the author to include citations of articles from their own journal), editorials that reference articles from the journal itself, self-citation, and exchange citations (commitment of citation between a group of authors).They act to avoid conflicts of interest. ![]()
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